What is the primary function of a suction accumulator in a refrigeration system?

The primary function of a suction accumulator in a refrigeration system is to separate liquid and vapor refrigerants. In a refrigeration cycle, it's crucial to ensure that only vapor refrigerant enters the compressor, as liquid refrigerant can cause damage to the compressor by leading to hydraulic shock or liquid slugging.

By utilizing a suction accumulator, the system allows for the separation of any liquid refrigerant that may inadvertently make it back to the suction line. The accumulator acts as a reservoir, capturing and holding excess liquid refrigerant, while allowing only vapor to be drawn into the compressor. This separation prevents complications and enhances the overall efficiency and longevity of the refrigeration system.

Other functions, such as storing excess refrigerant or cooling refrigerant before it enters the compressor, are not the primary purpose of the suction accumulator. While lubrication is essential in a refrigeration cycle, it is not a function associated with the suction accumulator; that role is typically handled by the lubricating oil supplied within the system.